All in one

Martingales can work well for some dogs like greyhounds and whippets but I find them difficult with most other dogs. The correction has to come from the sound of the metal on the chain, and the correction has to be felt by the dog in order to make sense. Without a message getting to the dog, the trainer gets frustrated and the dog gets confused. Has more value after the dog is trained than during training. They are harder to misuse than slip (choke), prong, or headcollars.

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